Koran Lecture Part 3 - Urdu

In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
[1] Say: I seek refuge with the Lord and Cherisher of Mankind,
[2] The King (or Ruler) of Mankind,
[3] The God (or Judge) of Mankind,
[4] From the mischief of the Whisperer (of Evil), who withdraws (after his whisper),
[5] (The same) who whispers into the hearts of Mankind,
[6] Among Jinns and among Men.
In Surah An-Naas,its been said that Allah is indeed the creator of this world, Man and jinn. He is the best well known of what is inside of one's heart and what their thinking and intentions are. Its in favor of Allah subhanawatala.. where He mentions the truth of Allah, the beauty of Allah....

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Sayings of Imam Khomeini R.A Part 7 (Urdu)

There are people who worship Allah to gain His Favors, this is the worship of traders; while there are some who worship Him to keep themselves free from His Wrath, this is the worship of slaves; a few who obey Him out of their sense of gratitude and obligations, this is the worship of free and noble men.
There are people who worship Allah to gain His Favors, this is the worship of traders; while there are some who worship Him to keep themselves free from His Wrath, this is the worship of slaves; a few who obey Him out of their sense of gratitude and obligations, this is the worship of free and noble men.
Even if Allah had not warned of chastisement on those disobedient to Him, it would be obligatory by way of gratefulness for His favors that He should not be disobeyed.
(O Allah!) I did not worship You for the fear of chastisement or for the desire towards heaven; rather, I worshiped You because I found You worthy of being worshipped.

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Hadith series Urdu Hadees 7

Woe to those who do not know, and woe to those who know and then not working
Knowledge is power and forever , we can follow Koran and Orders of Allah if we know about those orders and we can learn and understand Holy Koran to become a true Muslims and can save ourselves from Hell after death.

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Hadith-E-Qudsi Of the Day 7 Urdu

Allah made this Wealth for us and He created this for our Trial and................... we use this wealth for our needs , but we forget about its trial and we start to store this wealth and we also prevent this wealth from its originol Deserver , we made our homes much wide and forget this we have to go back to Allah where e have to answer about our behaviour with poor and needy people of this world.

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History of Islamic Medicine 4

Modern academic medicine began in Iran when Joseph Cochran established a medical college in Urmia in 1878. Cochran is often credited for founding Iran’s "first contemporary medical college". The website of Urmia University credits Cochran for "lowering the infant mortality rate in the region" and for founding one of Iran's first modern hospitals (Westminster Hospital) in Urmia.
Tehran University of Medical Sciences  is the largest and "most distinguished", and most highly ranked medical school of Iran. In September 2008, the health minister of Iran (Dr. Lankarani) called TUMS a pioneer in research throughout the country with a noticeable lead over its counterpart (peer) universities.
Faculty of medicine
Faculty of pharmacy
Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center (HORCSCT)
Chemical abstract library of pharmacy faculty
A view of the university's main campus (Winter)
Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center (HORCSCT)
Graduation ceremony
Collection of Iranian traditional medicinal plants in pharmacy faculty
Imam Khomeini hospital
Exceptional talents ceremony
Sara hostel in Kish Island
Located in Tehran adjacent to the main University of Tehran campus, it was founded as part of Dar ol-Fonoon, and later absorbed into Tehran University in 1934. It finally separated from Tehran University by parliamentary legislation in 1986, coming under the new Ministry of Health and Medical Education.
TUMS today is ranked as one of Iran's top research universities, with an annual research budget of over 300 billion Rials from the government. The school trains over 13,000 students (40% of which are women) in over 80 postgraduate programs. The school operates 15 teaching hospitals, and is equipped with over 40 libraries, and publishes 34 journals, some in collaboration with academic societies

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History of Islamic Medicine 5

The earth is the lowest-ranking body in the universe.
Warmness, coldness, wetness and dryness are the basic components of the universe. Warmness and coldness are the primary natures while wetness and dryness are dubbed as secondary natures.
Adding up these natures will create features for bodies and elements.
1.Warmness and dryness
2.Warmness and wetness
3.Coldness and wetness
4.Coldness and dryness
In a first-ever encounter, man viewed things as purely physical. Later, after mulling them over he came up with the following classification.
1.The solid represented by soil
2.The liquid represented by water
3.The gas or steam represented by air
4.The force represented by fire and light
The more we move from "the force" towards “the solid”, the less warmth we will have. Condensity will increase, as we move in that direction. In other words, the solid and soil are the lowest while light and fire are the highest in nature.
Comparing the above features one would arrive at the following conclusions.
1.Fire and light are warm and dry.
2.Air is warm and wet.
3.Water is cold and wet.
4.Soil is cold and dry.

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History of Islamic Medicine 3

The practice and study of medicine in Iran has a long and prolific history. Situated at the crossroads of the East and West, Persia was often involved in developments in ancient Greek and Indian medicine; pre- and post-Islamic Iran have been involved in medicine as well.
For example, the first teaching hospital where medical students methodically practiced on patients under the supervision of physicians was the Academy of Gundishapur in the Persian Empire. Some experts go so far as to claim that: "to a very large extent, the credit for the whole hospital system must be given to Persia"
Several documents still exist from which the definitions and treatments of the headache in medieval Persia can be ascertained. These documents give detailed and precise clinical information on the different types of headaches. The medieval physicians listed various signs and symptoms, apparent causes, and hygienic and dietary rules for prevention of headaches. The medieval writings are both accurate and vivid, and they provide long lists of substances used in the treatment of headaches. Many of the approaches of physicians in medieval Persia are accepted today; however, still more of them could be of use to modern medicine.

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Knowledge is Forever (Stories for kids by Maulana Room)

An undeniable reality is that permanent happiness cannot be achieved except by believing in God - The Creator - and following His guidance. Since it is He who created mankind, He is the one who knows what pleases and benefits them, just as he knows what saddens and harms them. A number of psychologists have affirmed that only a religious person lives with true content and serenity. So if believing in God leads to ultimate happiness, then how can this be achieved?
There are numerous religions and a variety of creeds. However, their critical differences in core issues make it impossible for all of them to be correct. So which is the correct religion? What is the correct creed that God requires us to believe in and in the end pleases Him? And which one of these creeds guarantees us happiness in this life and in the hereafter?
Before answering these questions, a criterion must first be established to be used as a basis for correctly determining the true religion. I firmly believe that all sensible people will agree that a religion is not deemed correct simply due to the fact that one was raised in that religion, had parents that adhered to it, or lived in a society that practiced it. Rather a religion's accuracy and authenticity are based upon substantial evidence and firm intellectual proofs. Intellect, the distinguishing factor between mankind and animals, must be applied when studying the issue of religion, which is undeniably the most important and gravest of all matters.

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Islamic Republic of Great Iran 21

Tuyserkan is located about 100 km south of Hamadan, in western Iran. However, it was formerly called Roud Avar. Latter was ruined in the invasion of the Mongols and its people fled to Toy (or Tuy) village, afterwards called Toyserkan because of its proximity to Serkan (a town located northwest of Toyserkan). The ancient hills of Baba Kamal, Roudlar, Shahrestaneh, the remains of a Sassanid city in Velashjerd, the Saljuk Dome named after prophet Habakkuk, the Safavid building of Shaykh Ali Khani School and the Qajar period’s covered bazaar, are all indicative of Toyserkan’s historical background. Toyserkan is well known for its quality Walnut trees within Iran and the world. Its weather is mild and nice in the summer and cold in the winter, the city is surrendered by Zagros Mountains with great views and landscapes.
Tuyserkan  is a city in and capital of Tuyserkan County, Hamadan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 42,520, in 11,802 families.

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Abu Rehan Muhammad Bin Ahmed Al Beruni (Islamic scientists)

Al-Beruni's full name is Abu Rehan Mohammad bin Ahmed Al-Beruni. He was born in 973 C.E. at Khawarzim (the old name of Kala-Kalpakskaya in present Uzbekistan). He is remembered by the world as a great and outstanding Astronomer, Physician, Physicist, Mathematician, Geographer, Geologist and Astrologer. Because of his wonderful contributions in most of the above mentioned fields, Abu Rehan Mohammad bin Ahmed Al-Beruni has been given the title of 'al-Ustadh'. He was also a good linguist and mastered Greek, Syriac and Sanskrit. He was a contemporary of Ibn Sina (known as Avicenna in the West).
Abu Rehan Mohammad bin Ahmed Al-Beruni discovered seven different ways of finding North and South directions. He is probably the first scientist to thoroughly discuss and prove that the Earth moves or rotates around its axis. He also calculated the Longitudes and Latitudes very accurately. All these calculations, observations and
Theories are presented in his book 'Al-Ather Al-Baqia'. He stated that the speed of light is immense in comparison to the speed of sound. He gave definition and detailed description of the Milky Way.
He was a conspicuous scientist in regard to his disciplines. He extended the horizons of various disciplines and added the flavor of his meretricious findings.
His very famous book, 'Al-Tafhim-ki Awail Sina'at al-Tanjin', sums up his works of Mathematics and Astronomy. He gave the Specific Weights of eighteen elements.
His other famous books are; 'Kitab-al Jamahir' on properties of precious stones, 'Kitab al-Hind' which gives a detailed account of the Indian life, religion, languages, cultures and also, observations on geography, 'Al-Qanun Al-Masudi Fi Al-Haia Wa Al-Najum' on Trigonometry, Astronomy, solar, lunar and planetary motion plus twenty-three observations on Equinoxes.Abu Rehan Mohammad bin Ahmed Al-Beruni died in 1048 C.E. at Ghazna.

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New Video Serial of Muslim's Contribution in sceince and Technology

Dear Friends , This is series of videos which contains description of One Islamic Personalities who contributed many many in Sceince and Technolgy.

We will show you in this series biodata of Greatest Islamic Scholars and Personalities and their research for Sceince and Technology in all branches of Sceince and Technolgy.

Must Watch This Series

The most precise solar calendar, superior to the Julian, is the Jilali, devised under the supervision of Umar Khayyam.
The Quran contains many references to astronomy:

"And it is He who created the night and the day and the sun and the moon; all [heavenly bodies] in an orbit are swimming."

[Noble Quran 21:33]

These references, and the injunctions to learn, inspired the early Muslim scholars to study the heavens. They integrated the earlier works of the Indians, Persians and Greeks into a new synthesis.
Ptolemy's Almagest (the title as we know it today is actually Arabic) was translated, studied and criticized. Many new stars were discovered, as we see in their Arabic names - Algol, Deneb, Betelgeuse, Rigel, Aldebaran. Astronomical tables were compiled, among them the Toledan tables, which were used by Copernicus, Tycho Brahe and Kepler.
Also compiled were almanacs - another Arabic term. Other terms from Arabic are zenith, nadir, Aledo, azimuth.
Muslim astronomers were the first to establish observatories, like the one built at Mugharah by Hulagu, the son of Genghis Khan, in Persia, and they invented instruments such as the quadrant and astrolabe, which led to advances not only in astronomy but in oceanic navigation, contributing to the European age of exploration.

Geography

Muslim scholars paid great attention to geography. In fact, the Muslims' great concern for geography originated with their religion.
The Quran encourages people to travel throughout the earth to see God's signs and patterns everywhere. Islam also requires each Muslim to have at least enough knowledge of geography to know the direction of the Qiblah (the position of the Ka'bah in Makkah) in order to pray five times a day.
Muslims were also used to taking long journeys to conduct trade as well as to make the Hajj and spread their religion. The far-flung Islamic empire enabled scholar-explorers to compile large amounts of geographical and climatic information from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
Among the most famous names in the field of geography, even in the West, are Ibn Khaldun and Ibn Batuta, renowned for their written accounts of their extensive explorations.
In 1166, Al-Idrisi, the well-known Muslim scholar who served the Sicilian court, produced very accurate maps, including a world map with all the continents and their mountains, rivers and famous cities. Al-Muqdishi was the first geographer to produce accurate maps in color.
Spain was ruled by Muslims under the banner of Islam for over 700 years. By the 15th century of the Gregorian calendar the ruler-ship of Islam had been seated in Spain and Muslims had established centers of learning which commanded respect all over the known world at that time. There were no "Dark Ages" such the rest of Europe experienced for the Muslims in Spain and those who lived there with them. In January of 1492 Muslim Spain capitulated to Catholic Rome under King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella. By July of the same year, Muslims were instrumental in helping navigate Christopher Columbus to the Caribbean South of Florida.
It was, moreover, with the help of Muslim navigators and their inventions that Magellan was able to traverse the Cape of Good Hope, and Da Gamma and Columbus had Muslim navigators on board their ships.

Humanity

Seeking knowledge is obligatory in Islam for every Muslim, man and woman. The main sources of Islam, the Quran and the Sunnah (Prophet Muhammad's traditions), encourage Muslims to seek knowledge and be scholars, since this is the best way for people to know Allah (God), to appreciate His wondrous creations and be thankful for them.
Muslims have always been eager to seek knowledge, both religious and secular, and within a few years of Muhammad's mission, a great civilization sprang up and flourished. The outcome is shown in the spread of Islamic universities; Al-Zaytunah in Tunis, and Al-Azhar in Cairo go back more than 1,000 years and are the oldest existing universities in the world. Indeed, they were the models for the first European universities, such as Bologna, Heidelberg, and the Sorbonne. Even the familiar academic cap and gown originated at Al-Azhar University.
Muslims made great advances in many different fields, such as geography, physics, chemistry, mathematics, medicine, pharmacology, architecture, linguistics and astronomy. Algebra and the Arabic numerals were introduced to the world by Muslim scholars. The astrolabe, the quadrant, and other navigational devices and maps were developed by Muslim scholars and played an important role in world progress, most notably in Europe's age of exploration.
Muslim scholars studied the ancient civilizations from Greece and Rome to China and India. The works of Aristotle, Ptolemy, Euclid and others were translated into Arabic. Muslim scholars and scientists then added their own creative ideas, discoveries and inventions, and finally transmitted this new knowledge to Europe, leading directly to the Renaissance. Many scientific and medical treatises, having been translated into Latin, were standard text and reference books as late as the 17th and 18th centuries.

Mathematics

Muslim mathematicians excelled in geometry, as can be seen in their graphic arts, and it was the great Al-Biruni (who excelled also in the fields of natural history, even geology and mineralogy) who established trigonometry as a distinct branch of mathematics. Other Muslim mathematicians made significant progress in number theory.

It is interesting to note that Islam so strongly urges mankind to study and explore the universe. For example, the Noble Quran states:
"We (Allah) will show you (mankind) Our signs/patterns in the horizons/universe and in yourselves until you are convinced that the revelation is the truth."
[Noble Quran 41:53]
This invitation to explore and search made Muslims interested in astronomy, mathematics, chemistry, and the other sciences, and they had a very clear and firm understanding of the correspondences among geometry, mathematics, and astronomy.
The Muslims invented the symbol for zero (The word "cipher" comes from Arabic sifr), and they organized the numbers into the decimal system - base 10. Additionally, they invented the symbol to express an unknown quantity, i.e. variables like x.
The first great Muslim mathematician, Al-Khawarizmi, invented the subject of algebra (al-Jabr), which was further developed by others, most notably Umar Khayyam. Al-Khawarizmi's work, in Latin translation, brought the Arabic numerals along with the mathematics to Europe, through Spain. The word "algorithm" is derived from his name.

Medicine

In Islam, the human body is a source of appreciation, as it is created by Almighty Allah (God). How it functions, how to keep it clean and safe, how to prevent diseases from attacking it or cure those diseases, have been important issues for Muslims.
Ibn Sina (d. 1037), better known to the West as Avicenna, was perhaps the greatest physician until the modern era. His famous book, Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb, remained a standard textbook even in Europe, for over 700 years. Ibn Sina's work is still studied and built upon in the East.
Prophet Muhammad himself urged people to "take medicines for your diseases", as people at that time were reluctant to do so. He also said,
"God created no illness, except that He has established for it a cure, except for old age. When the antidote is applied, the patient will recover with the permission of God."
Since the religion did not forbid it, Muslim scholars used human cadavers to study anatomy and physiology and to help their students understand how the body functions. This empirical study enabled surgery to develop very quickly.
Al-Razi, known in the West as Rhazes, the famous physician and scientist, (d. 932) was one of the greatest physicians in the world in the Middle Ages. He stressed empirical observation and clinical medicine and was unrivalled as a diagnostician. He also wrote a treatise on hygiene in hospitals. Kahaf Abul-Qasim Al-Sahabi was a very famous surgeon in the eleventh century, known in Europe for his work, Concession (Kitab al-Tasrif).
Other significant contributions were made in pharmacology, such as Ibn Sina's Kitab al-Shifa' (Book of Healing), and in public health. Every major city in the Islamic world had a number of excellent hospitals, some of them teaching hospitals, and many of them were specialized for particular diseases, including mental and emotional. The Ottomans were particularly noted for their building of hospitals and for the high level of hygiene practiced in them.

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Hindutva (Hinduttwa) by Asrar Alm

Hinduttwa (Hinduism)

There is reference in Bhagavad-Gita to material nature (mahat-tattva), comprising three gunas (sattva, rajas and tamas) as Brahman: "The total material substance, called Brahman, is the source of birth, and it is that Brahman that I impregnate, making possible the births of all living beings, O son of Bharata." This should also must be properly understood that Brahman is actually "total substance of the material cause, in which there are three modes of nature", so material nature is Brahman, but whole Absolute Truth is transcendental and it includes 'material Brahman with three modes of nature' as well. Strictly speaking, Brahman is Supreme Personality of Godhead (Vishnu, Siva, Sakthi..)
Hindutva  "Hinduness", a word coined by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in his 1923 pamphlet entitled Hindutva: Who is a Hindu? ) is the term used to describe movements advocating Hindu nationalism. Members of the movement are called Hindutvavādis.
Asrar Alm is an Islamic Scholar whp wrote about Islamic System and Anti Christ ,, He wote this book before many years about Hindu Riligion and their religious and political movements. Aftr reading this book I calculate many similerities among Hindus and Jews ,, 

Brahmin or Brahman in Hinduism have many importance same as Jews think about themselves,they are very imporatnat in this life before Almighty Allah or Yahweh or Yahwa, but there a difference in both Nations , Hindus are surrounded by many other Nations to save Brahmins and Jews have no any circle of security around them, Hindus are surrounded by many other Nations or People of low Catagory like shudra or dalit or khatri etc.
You Can Read This Book Directly on Google Books Click Here

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History of Islamic Medicine 2

Mirza Ali Akbar Khan Nafisi, known as “Nazem al-Atebba” (Head of Physicians), (1846 – 1923) Kerman - Iran; famous physician and scholar in the period of Qajar (Persian dynasty which ruled from 1779 till 1923). Studied the primary sciences and philosophy under great masters in Kerman. In 1865, went to Tehran and studied medicine in Dar al-Fonun school. He was graduated in 1872, then built a hospital in European style by order of the Qajar shah, Naser al-Din Shah, and was the manager of the hospital up to 1881. In 1892, cholera spread in Tehran;
most of the physicians escaped but Nazem al-Atebba bravely stayed and treated patients, therefore was appointed as the physician court.

During the reign of the fourth Qajar king, Naser-ad-Din Shah (who reigned from 1848 1896), the Chief Minister, Amir Kabir, was involved in modernization of Iran. He founded the first modern higher educational institute in Iran the so called Dar al-Fonun (House of Techniques) in 1851. One of the subjects taught there was medicine; now, it is considered a major step in promulgation of modern medicine in Iran. Initially, students studying at Dar al-Fonun were mainly taught by Austrians with the aid of local translators. However, after 1860, teachers in the field of medicine were multinational.

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Backstage at Iraq (Urdu Documentary)

Backstage at Iraq (Urdu Documentary)
Just as America 's leaders claimed they believed the drunken, crazy ranting of a pathological liar, so too Americans claim they believe the fanatical ravings of the congenital liars of the state. Americans need to wake up, realize that the state is just the biggest criminal Ponzi scheme in history, and that you cannot continue to live a lie indefinitely. For most Americans, this day appears to be fast approaching.

The real lesson of why the US attacked Iraq is massive government incompetence and criminal malfeasance allowed by a people who were totally gullible and ignorant to stop it. Americans should realize that the US government is their own worst enemy, and their political leaders are incompetent at best and wholly criminal at worst. It is not just a case of Republicans versus Democrats, liberals versus conservatives, as all have contributed to the downfall of America . There is no simple solution of just getting the right people elected, as the whole system is rotten at its core. The only way to avoid the catastrophe of war is if each person accepts that no person, or group of persons, even if they call themselves politicians and leaders, may use their freedom to violate the freedom of another person. People must accept that it is wrong to kill innocent foreigners, to destroy their property, and that killing and stealing for the state is just as wrong as an individual killing and stealing. It is not patriotic to follow the criminal dictates of parasitic leaders who use blind obedience to violate the rights of others. The only hope for America is that her people will lose their collectivist herd mentality inculcated by the state and its indoctrination centers, reject the state and its minions as the slavers of humanity they are, and accept individualism and the responsibility to direct their own life in voluntary cooperation, association, and trade. 

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Don 2 New Hindi Movie

Producer

Farhan Akhtar
Ritesh Sidhwani
Shahrukh Khan

Director

Farhan Akhtar

Star Cast

Shahrukh Khan...... Don
Priyanka Chopra...... Roma
Lara Dutta...... Ayesha
Boman Irani...... Vardhaan
Om Puri...... Mallik
Kunal Kapoor...... Sameer Ali
Nawab Shah
Adi Putra
Alyy Khan

Lyricist

Javed Akhtar

Music Director

Shankar Mahadevan
Ehsaan Noorani
Loy Mendonca

Singers

Shahrukh Khan
Vishal Dadlani
Anusha Mani
Usha Uthup
Sunitha Sarathy
Shankar Mahadevan
Loy Mendonca
K K
Caralisa Monteiro

Story / Writer

Farhan Akhtar

Watch Free New Latest Bolly Wood Hindi Movie Free.

The King is Back is an Indian Hindi action thriller film directed by Farhan Akhtar. It is a sequel to the 2006 film, Don: The Chase Begins Again. The film stars Shahrukh Khan, Priyanka Chopra in the lead roles and also Om Puri, Lara Dutta and Kunal Kapoor in supporting roles. The film marks Farhan Akhtar's return to direction after a gap of nearly 5 years. it also marks Khan's return to playing villainous characters in lead roles since his earlier films like Darr and Baazigar and first sequel in his two-decade old career. It has released on December 23, 2011 in both 2D and 3D formats and is also available in Tamil and Telugu languages. The film was shot in India, Germany, Malaysia and Switzerland.

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Streets of Pakistan (Sillanwali)

The town developed in the late 19th century during the rule of the British empire. It was planned to be an agricultural business hub or mandi ("wholesale market").
It was a planned town developed after canals were built for agricultural purposes and a railway line was established. Even today, the railway station at Sillanwali is known as "Sillanwali Mandi" in railway records. Before the Partition of India in 1947, Sillanwali was well known for the production of cotton. Most of the population were Hindu Khatris. After partition the Hindus migrated to India and their property was taken over by the Muslim Sheikhs (having Khatri Origin), most of whom had migrated from Karnal District of Haryana state which had been part of united Punjab but became part of Indian Punjab after 1947.
At the same time, Jat Sikhs migrated to India, and members of the Arain, Khokhar, Gujjar and Rajput moved to Sillanwali and the surrounding villages.

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Symbols of Nature (Principal layers of Atmosphere of Earth)

In general, air pressure and density decrease in the atmosphere as height increases. However, temperature has a more complicated profile with altitude. Because the general pattern of this profile is constant and recognizable through means such as balloon soundings, temperature provides a useful metric to distinguish between atmospheric layers. In this way, Earth's atmosphere can be divided into five main layers. From highest to lowest, these layers are:

Exosphere

The outermost layer of Earth's atmosphere extends from the exobase upward. It is mainly composed of hydrogen and helium. The particles are so far apart that they can travel hundreds of kilometers without colliding with one another. Since the particles rarely collide, the atmosphere no longer behaves like a fluid. These free-moving particles follow ballistic trajectories and may migrate into and out of the magnetosphere or the solar wind.

Thermosphere

Temperature increases with height in the thermosphere from the mesopause up to the thermopause, then is constant with height. Unlike in the stratosphere, where the inversion is caused by absorption of radiation by ozone, in the thermosphere the inversion is a result of the extremely low density of molecules. The temperature of this layer can rise to 1,500 °C (2,700 °F), though the gas molecules are so far apart that temperature in the usual sense is not well defined. The air is so rarefied, that an individual molecule (of oxygen, for example) travels an average of 1 kilometer between collisions with other molecules.

Mesosphere

The mesosphere extends from the stratopause to 80–85 km (50–53 mi; 260,000–280,000 ft). It is the layer where most meteors burn up upon entering the atmosphere. Temperature decreases with height in the mesosphere.

Stratosphere

The stratosphere extends from the tropopause to about 51 km (32 mi; 170,000 ft). Temperature increases with height due to increased absorption of ultraviolet radiation by the ozone layer, which restricts turbulence and mixing. While the temperature may be −60 °C (−76 °F; 210 K) at the tropopause, the top of the stratosphere is much warmer, and may be near freezing.

Troposphere

The troposphere begins at the surface and extends to between 9 km (30,000 ft) at the poles and 17 km (56,000 ft) at the equator,with some variation due to weather.

Other layers

* The ozone layer is contained within the stratosphere. In this layer ozone concentrations are about 2 to 8 parts per million, which is much higher than in the lower atmosphere but still very small compared to the main components of the atmosphere. It is mainly located in the lower portion of the stratosphere from about 15–35 km (9.3–22 mi; 49,000–110,000 ft), though the thickness varies seasonally and geographically. About 90% of the ozone in our atmosphere is contained in the stratosphere.
* The ionosphere, the part of the atmosphere that is ionized by solar radiation, stretches from 50 to 1,000 km (31 to 620 mi; 160,000 to 3,300,000 ft) and typically overlaps both the exosphere and the thermosphere. It forms the inner edge of the magnetosphere. It has practical importance because it influences, for example, radio propagation on the Earth. It is responsible for auroras.
* The homosphere and heterosphere are defined by whether the atmospheric gases are well mixed. In the homosphere the chemical composition of the atmosphere does not depend on molecular weight because the gases are mixed by turbulence.[8] The homosphere includes the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere. Above the turbopause at about 100 km (62 mi; 330,000 ft) (essentially corresponding to the mesopause), the composition varies with altitude. This is because the distance that particles can move without colliding with one another is large compared with the size of motions that cause mixing. This allows the gases to stratify by molecular weight, with the heavier ones such as oxygen and nitrogen present only near the bottom of the heterosphere. The upper part of the heterosphere is composed almost completely of hydrogen, the lightest element.
* The planetary boundary layer is the part of the troposphere that is nearest the Earth's surface and is directly affected by it, mainly through turbulent diffusion. During the day the planetary boundary layer usually is well-mixed, while at night it becomes stably stratified with weak or intermittent mixing. The depth of the planetary boundary layer ranges from as little as about 100 m on clear, calm nights to 3000 m or more during the afternoon in dry regions.

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History of Islamic Medicine 1

Persia's position at the crossroads of the East and the West frequently placed it in the midst of developments in both ancient Greek and Indian medicine. The first generation of Persian physicians trained at the Academy of Jundishapur. This evolved into the medieval Islamic Bimaristan hospitals.
The Islamic civilization rose to primacy in medical science as Muslim physicians contributed significantly to the field of medicine, including anatomy, ophthalmology, pharmacology, pharmacy, physiology, surgery, and the pharmaceutical sciences. The Arabs were influenced by, and further developed Greek, Roman and Indian medical practices. Galen, Hippocrates, Sushruta and Charaka were pre-eminent authorities.[verification needed] The translation of 129 works of ancient Greek physician Galen into Arabic by Hunayn ibn Ishaq and his assistants, and in particular Galen's insistence on a rational systematic approach to medicine, set the template for Islamic medicine, which rapidly spread throughout the Arab Empire. Muslim physicians set up some of the earliest dedicated hospitals, which later spread to Europe during the Crusades, inspired by the hospitals in the Middle East
Bu Ali Sina was born in 370 H and from the very beginning manifestations of unusual capabilities were seen in the child. He had a tremendous memory and the capability of observing and understanding. In his childhood he had uttered a very incredible thing. He said that when he was born, he saw holes in the sky. It was a child’s talk. His mother was asked about it and she only expressed surprise! She said that the day he was born there were many flies around and therefore she had put a cloth mesh over him. Perhaps he had seen the sky through the mesh! The surprising thing was that he had remembrance of the day he was born after four or five years of his birth.
Bu Ali Sina has written a book on treatment of ailments titled “Al Qanoon”.(al-Canon fi al Tibb)(The Canon of Medicine) The book is in four volumes and there are a total of 120,000 sentences in it. The book is extrtemely valuable. It is said that Hippocratus invented the system of medicine which survived only till he lived.

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Guilefulness of Student (Stories for kids by Maulana Room)

Maulana Room (Rum) wrote many stories for Kids,, these stories are full of moral and lesson, students nad kids can learnt from these stories, these stories also can grant entertainment to kids and they can make themselves more Keen  in studying books and moral stories.

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Koran Lecture Part 2 - Urdu

Here an Islamic Scholar recited verses from

Surah Az-Zumar (The Groups)

53. Say: "O 'Ibadi (My slaves) who have transgressed against themselves (by committing evil deeds and sins)! Despair not of the Mercy of Allah, verily Allah forgives all sins. Truly, He is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
54. "And turn in repentance and in obedience with true Faith (Islamic Monotheism) to your Lord and submit to Him, (in Islam), before the torment comes upon you, then you will not be helped.
55. "And follow the best of that which is sent down to you from your Lord (i.e. this Qur'an, do what it orders you to do and keep away from what it forbids), before the torment comes on you suddenly while you perceive not!"

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Hadith series Urdu Hadees 6

In this Hadith of Last Beloved Prophet Muhammad PBUH says us about our social and Islamic Lives, Muhammad PBUH says you should meet and visit the persons who are not Oblivious  from Allah. Muhammad PBUH says when you will go to visit him, you will feel happy and will Reminds Allah and Prophets and Koran, when he starts to talk, he talks only about Allah , Prophets and Koran, and his life is a model for you for saving yourself from Hell. So we should meet them who are passing their lives according to Koran.

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Hadith-E-Qudsi Of the Day 6 Urdu

Man is not created for any benefits for Almighty Allah, Almighty Allah has no need of any thing, He is One and Power full and He is not Impecunious  for nay thing from any creature that He only One has created , He created us only for Hymn   and we can not do Endamagement with His Divine  or Godhood  ,, So we should only praise for One Allah who is Almighty and Power full 

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Rudkhan Castle in Gilan

it was constructed during Seljuk Dynastyby followers Ismā'īlī Sect. Rud-khan Castle (also Rood-khan Castle) is a brick and stone medieval castle in Iran.

Located 25 km southwest of Foman city north of Iran in Gilan province, it is a military complex which had been constructed during the Seljuk Dynasty by followers of the Ismā'īlī sect. The castle is built on two tips of a mount, with an area of 2.6 hectares (6.4 acres). Its architects have benefited from natural mountainous features in the construction of the fort.
The Rudkhan Castle River originates in the surrounding heights and flows from south to north. This castle sits on peak of two mountains and after crossing the mountains winding  routs with dens forests, one thing can be noticed by somewone is its big gate.

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Conundrum (Imam Ali Ibn Al-Hussain A.S)

Imam Sajjad (A.S) is the fourth Imam (spiritual leader) of the holy chain of Shia Imams who was born on the 5th pf month of Sha’ban of the year 38 Hijri in medina.
His respected father is his holiness Hussein son of Ali son of Abu Talib (A.S) and it has been mentioned that his mother is Shahrbanoo, the daughter of the third Yazdgerd who was one of the kings from the Sasani dynasty.
Imam Sajjad’s surname (konyeh) is Abul Hassan and some of his respected nicknames are Zain – ul – Abedin, Sayyed – ul – Abedin, Zaki, Ameen and Sajjad.
Imam Sajjad (A.S) spent, for his growth and spiritual development, for a period of two years during the caliphate of Imam Ali (A.S), for a period of 10 years with his uncle Imam Hassan (A.S), and for a period of 11 years to obtain proper education from his father Imam Hussein (A.S). In 60 Hajri, whom the issue of allrgiance to Yazid was raised, Imam Sajjad started his journey towards Mecca with his father and relatives and therefore he did not swar allegiance to Yazid.
Finally, as a result of pursuance of the government officers on one hand, and the invitation of the people of Kuffa on the other hand, Imam Sajjad’s family was forced to go towards Kufa, however, unfaithfulness of the people of Kufa and attack by Yazid’s army forced them to stop in the land of Karbala.
On the 10th day oh Muharram the fire of war was inflamed between the few number of Imam Hussein’s (A.S) supporters and the great number of the army of Yazid.
His holiness Sajjad (A.S) was not allowed to participate in the bloody war on the daay of Ashura . because of his illness and severe fever, but he witnessed the martyrdom of his father, brothers, uncles and in short every man who was accompanying him. With the martyrdom of Imam Hussein (A.S), the heavy burden of Imamat ( spiritual leadership ) and the guidance of the Muslim community was forwarded to him.
The beginning of the Imamat ( spiritual leadership) of his holiness Sajjad (A.S) coincided with his captivity in Karbala. When he was forced to go from Karbala to Kufa, the enemy had pleased iron collar and chains around his neck and had fastened his hands to his neck.

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